Plastic Identification

Plastics Identification and Recycling Chart

Let's begin with an intriguing fact: the number symbols that you find inside triangles on plastic bottles and containers are not cryptic recycling codes. Instead, they were established by the Society of Plastics Industry (SPI) to merely indicate the plastic resin content, not as identifiers for recycling.

Regardless of their original purpose, these numbers offer a more precise means of identifying plastics compared to guesswork. Different municipalities and private recycling companies collect various types of plastics, so it's essential to verify which types are accepted. In total, there are seven primary types of plastics. Typically, most recyclers accept plastics labeled as #1 and #2. Plastics marked as #3 to #6 are more challenging to recycle, and some recycling centers may not process them. Plastic labeled as #7 is even more challenging to recycle and is almost always excluded from recycling programs.

Samples of Embossed Identification

Grade identifications are generally embossed on the bottom of plastic containers

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PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate)

PET is an exceptional plastic, renowned for its exceptional clarity, strength, and lightweight properties. It boasts high recyclability when compared to other plastics. Nevertheless, PET is primarily engineered for single-use applications, and multiple uses can heighten the risk of detrimental chemical leaching and bacterial growth.

HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene)

HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene) is extensively utilized for various applications, including milk containers, motor oil containers, shampoos and conditioners, soap bottles, detergents, and bleaches. It's a widely employed plastic and ranks among the safest options. Moreover, HDPE is fully recyclable and commonly repurposed into composite wood or plastic lumber through recycling processes.

PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)

PVC, frequently employed for its flexibility in plastic food wrapping, is usually not accepted by the majority of consumer recycling programs. It is recommended to steer clear of reusing PVC products, particularly for purposes such as food storage or children's use, since they contain toxins that can potentially leach into the contents over the entire lifespan of the product.

LDPE (Low-Density Polyethylene)

LDPE, which stands for Low-Density Polyethylene, is a versatile and robust plastic celebrated for its transparency, chemical resistance, and waterproof properties. This material is prominently featured in the production of plastic bags and can be encountered in various items, including shrink wraps, dry cleaner garment bags, and numerous other products. LDPE is generally deemed safe for a wide range of applications and is free from harmful chemicals like BPA or phthalates. However, employing LDPE for food storage in high-temperature environments can lead to chemical leaching. While LDPE is recyclable, it's worth noting that recycling facilities for LDPE are generally limited in availability.

PP (Polypropylene)

Polypropylene (PP) plastic finds widespread use in the manufacturing of margarine and yogurt containers, potato chip bags, cereal bags, and an array of other products. Although PP is recyclable, it's essential to be aware that not all recycling facilities may accommodate it. Nevertheless, PP is generally considered safe for reuse, making it a promising avenue for mitigating plastic waste.

PS (Polystyrene)

It's prudent to minimize the use of polystyrene whenever possible. Polystyrene is commonly found in disposable styrofoam drinking cups, take-out containers, packing peanuts, and various other applications. Unfortunately, polystyrene is typically not recyclable, contributing to approximately 35% of the material in US landfills. Due to its tendency to break down easily, it often finds its way into the digestive systems of marine creatures, polluting our coastlines. Furthermore, it's advisable to refrain from reusing polystyrene due to its chemical composition. Polystyrene has the potential to release styrene, a substance classified as a possible human carcinogen, particularly when subjected to microwave heating.

Polycarbonate (PC), BPA, and Other
Plastics

Plastics labeled with #7 should generally be considered non-recyclable or non-reusable due to the presence of BPA, which has the potential to disrupt the endocrine system.

Conversely, polycarbonates (PC) represent a durable and versatile group of thermoplastic polymers. These engineering-grade polycarbonates are renowned for their strength and solidity, making them highly sought after for their ease of manipulation, molding, and thermoforming.

Applications of Polycarbonates (PC) include:

Molds for urethane and silicone casting.
3D printed models for high-temperature applications.
Machinery guards.
LED light pipes and diffusers.
Vehicle headlights.
Small vehicle windshields.
Bullet-resistant "glass."

Items typically packaged in plastic containers, canned foods, toiletries, menstrual products, thermal printer receipts, CDs and DVDs, household electronics, eyeglass lenses, sports equipment, dental filling sealants should be approached with caution when made from #7 plastics, given the potential presence of BPA.

Sources: acplasticsinco.com, healthline.com, prlrresins.comm, almanac.com, factsaboutbpa.org